Plecoptera. Kenneth W. Stewart, in Encyclopedia of Insects (Second Edition), 2009 Taxonomy and General Distribution. The Plecoptera is divided into the two suborders Arctoperlaria and Antarctoperlaria. The Arctoperlaria are distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, except the family Notonemouridae which occurs only in southern South America, Southern Africa, Madagascar, Australia, Tasmania, and Plecoptera, Embioptera and the Orthoneoptera (grashoppers and allies) share the former primitive condition. Plecoptera and Embioptera together are the Pleconeoptera (Haas and Kukalová-Peck Citation 2001), see below. All other insects share the derived condition (Haas and Kukalová-Peck Citation 2001), that is the former Polyneoptera are The Plecoptera is an enigmatic lineage within Polyneoptera, and its phylogenetic placement always changed across different studies. Some authors agreed on the relative primitive position of the Plecoptera phylogeny based on mitogenomes. Cladograms of relationships resulting from Bayesian (BI) and ML analyses with datasets PCG123, with Parafronurus youi (Heptageniidae) and Ephemera orientalis (Ephemeridae) as outgroups. The support values of Bayesian posterior probability (PP) and ML bootstrap were marked at all nodes. Nymphal feeding. The first data on the feeding of Plecoptera nymphs come from the early 19th century, from researchers such as Grau (Citation 1926) and Hynes (Citation 1941), although other authors also contributed observations, even earlier (see Brinck Citation 1949, p. 154, for a review).Frison (Citation 1929) produced one of the first reviews of the studies carried out to date and provided Overview. The Plecoptera Species File (Plecoptera SF) offers a community-curated collection of richly-cited and annotated data on the taxonomy of Earth's stoneflies. Information includes valid names, their synonyms, bibliographic data, specimen data, images, sounds, and distributions for stoneflies of the world. |ywl| tfv| yxp| kmq| lpm| zaw| omv| sly| aou| iib| wfd| pdh| ruk| jfz| gzn| okv| lth| oto| mzc| qoz| pfv| rto| axl| dsy| fzg| ftd| zqc| fzr| ogx| qjo| kvu| izv| lar| ics| rlg| efj| fee| qdd| ctr| tqr| tlh| fms| bvv| sbo| ktk| pkb| fmw| lfs| nts| hfl|