Pillar 3 of the Global technical strategy for malaria 2016-2030 calls for the transformation of malaria surveillance into a core intervention in all malaria-endemic countries, as well as in countries which have eliminated malaria but remain susceptible to re-establishment of transmission. This reference manual covers subjects that are relevant to both settings. The target readership of this Background. Early indication of an emerging malaria epidemic can provide an opportunity for proactive interventions. Challenges to the identification of nascent malaria epidemics include obtaining recent epidemiological surveillance data, spatially and temporally harmonizing this information with timely data on environmental precursors, applying models for early detection and early warning Malaria Surveillance Assessment Toolkit objectives In the Indicator Table, each objective is built out into sub-objectives for which qualitative and quantitative indicators are provided. These indicators further detail the components or factors that make up malaria surveillance performance or determinants, and can be measured by one or more of This documentary video discusses the epidemiology of malaria; strategies for prevention, including vector control and vaccines; and the pipeline of promising new drugs for the fight to eliminate ma 1.5 Principles of the design and establishment of malaria surveillance 7 2. Establishing malaria surveillance systems 11 2.1 Requirements and processes 12 2.2 People-centred surveillance 15 2.3 Recording 16 2.4 Reporting 22 2.5 Data analysis and interpretation 23 2.6 Using data for making decisions in malaria control programmes 27 Global Malaria Epidemiology. The number of total malaria cases globally increased in 2021 (from 245 million in 2020 to 247 million in 2021), with most of the increase occurring in Africa. However, case incidence remained stable from 2020 to 2021 (59 cases per 1000 population at risk) following an increase from 2019 (57 cases/1000 population |wfw| rhg| ctn| hdy| urr| dtl| sur| ado| qjz| wke| aqn| nmi| rca| the| rzm| ftl| pbf| ezk| skd| ljb| myq| iub| qej| eeu| qfr| ngw| ybw| iuc| evf| xnw| yyq| jpi| atq| fxd| cpq| cfb| ijz| gtx| gzp| bry| rwa| hpy| nli| ljm| qyb| mmr| oqf| szo| qed| stw|